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| Figure 1. Clitocybe candicans. |
Name: Clitocybe candicans
Family: Tricholomataceae
Collection Date: October 4, 2011
Habitat: On woody debris.
Location: The West Woods Park in Geauga County.
Description: Cap 2-10 cm broad, convex becoming plane to broadly umbonate; surface smooth or with whitish down, or sometimes with riverlike lines; waterly brown to pale buff. Flesh thin, colored like cap; odor unpleasant or mild. Gills adnate to decurrent, close, pale buff or colored more or less like cap. Stalk 3-8 cm, 0.4-2 cm thick, equal or tapered at either end, often hollow in age, sometimes fluted; colored more or less like cap. Favors hardwoods.
Arora, D. (1979). Mushrooms Demystified. Berkeley, CA: Ten Speed Press.
Collector: Cara Tompot
Keying Steps:
Key to the Major Groups of Fleshy Fungi
Basidiomycetes Pg 52.
Fruiting body with a cap and stalk, or just a cap; spores borne on gills (radiating blades) on underside of cap; spore print obtainable (if spores are being produced) Agarics (Gilled Mushrooms) p. 58.
Key to Agarics:
1b. Spores forcibly discharged, hence a spore print obtainable if spores are being dispersed; gills exposed at maturity; common and widespread.
2a. Spore print white to buff, yellow, yellow-orange, or lilac-tinged.
3b. Neither volva nor warts present (but cap and stalk may have scales or fibrils.)
4b. Not as above- (above: gills typically free and veil present; veil usually forming an annulus (ring) on stalk, or if not then stalk typically scaly or slimy below the veil); veil absent, or if present then gills normally attached to stalk.
6b. Not as above- (above: gills decurrent and foldlike (at least when young), i.e., gills thick, blunt, shallow, and usually forked or with cross-veins); gills usually platelike or bladelike.
7b. Not as above- (above: gills and/or flesh exuding a latex (milk or juice) when broken; stalk typically more than 3 mm think; spores with amyloid warts or ridges.
8b. Not with above features- (above: fruiting body brittle and rather rigid, the stalk snapping open cleanly like a piece of chalk (i.e., without fibrous context); cap usually plane to depressed at maturity; stalk typically at least 3 mm thick; veil absent; usually but not always terrestrial; cap and stalk tissue typically containing nests of sphaerocysts; spores with amyloid warts of ridges.)
9b. Gills not normally waxy; stalk central to lateral or absent; on ground or wood. Tricholomataceae, p.129.
1b. Not growing on other mushrooms, or if so then gills well-developed, thin, close.
2b. Not as above- (above: fruiting body pinkish to salmon, orange, or yellow-orange; cap surface conspicuously reticulate (netted or veined and pitted); cap 2-5 cm broad; stalk central to off-center, tough; spore print pinkish; found on dead eastern hardwoods; infrequent.)
3b. Stalk present, well-developed, more or less central; growing on ground or wood.
6b. Not as above- (above: stalk arising from an underground “tuber;” cap usually scaly, fibrillose, or granulose; not common.)
7b. Veil absent, or if present then cap and stalk not granulose.
8b. Veil absent or rudimentary and evanescent, not forming an annulus.
9b.Not as above- (above: gills and stalk bruising dark gray.)
10a. Stalk fleshy, usually at least 5 mm thick.
11b. Not as above- (above: fruiting body partially or completely purple, violet, or lilac when fresh (at least the gills); odor not radishlike; usually on ground or compost.)
13b. Spore print variously colored (white, buff, pinkish, etc.)
14a. Spore print white, yellowish, or buff.
15b. Not with above features- (above: typically growing in dense clusters in disturbed soil; stalk at least 1 cm thick; caps typically at least 3 cm broad; basidia with siderphilous granules.)16b. Not with above features- (above: gills pinkish, flesh-colored, cinnamon, or somewhat vinaceous, thickish and fairly well-shaped; cap up to 6 cm broad; stalk rather tough and fibrous, not white; spores spiny.)
17a. Gills typically adnate to decurrent.
18b. Not with above features- (above: gills and flesh olive-yellow to yellow to orange; cap not viscid; gills not repeatedly forked; growing on or near wood.)
20b. Not as above- (above: cap viscid or slimy when moist and/or gills thick, widely spaced, and clean or waxy-looking.) Clitocybe & Allies, p. 148.
Key to Clitocybe &Allies
1b. Not as above- (above: odor distinctly licorice- or aniselike.)
3b. Spore print white to yellowish to buff, or tinged lilac or brownish; fruiting body not commonly purple, and if purple then growing on wood.
13b. Not growing in burned areas, or if so, then very differently colored.
14b. Not as above- (above: gills forked repeatedly and usually orange or odor very fragrant (somewhat like root beer.))
15b. Growing on ground.
24b. Not as above- (above: spore print brownish; fruiting body small and white or grayish; cap often somewhat hairy, especially toward margin; not common.)
25b. Stalk thicker or fruiting body differently colored.
27b. Cap white to buff, grayish, olive-gray, olive-brown, greenish, brown, or darker.
34b. Spore print white, or if yellowish to buff, then not as above.
36b. Growing in woods or under trees, or differently colored.
38a. Cap white or whitish.
39b. Not as above- (above: typically growing in large clusters along roads and paths in the Pacific Northwest and Rocky Mountains.)
40b. Cap smaller, generally less than 8 cm broad. Clitocybe variabilis & others (see Clitocybe albirhiza, pg. 161.)
Once reading the description of the allies, I can easily infer that the true identity is Clitocybe candicans.
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| Figure 2. Clitocybe candicans in the wild. |
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| Figure 3. Clitocybe candicans. |
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