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| Figure 1. Scutellinia scutellata. Notice the dark hairs around the fertile surface that look like eyelashes. |
Name: Scutellinia scutellata
Common Name: Eyelash Pixie Cup Fungi
Family: Pyronemataceae
Collection Date: September 13, 2011
Habitat: On a wet, rotten log that was clearly decaying.
Location: South Chagrin Reservation in Chagrin Falls, Ohio
Description: Cup shaped to broadly cup shaped, minute to 1.5 cm across; fertile surface ("top" or "inner" surface) scarlet red to bright orange, smooth; sterile surface ("under" or "outer" surface) brownish or pale orangish, covered with tiny dark hairs; the margin with longer, eyelash-like, dark hairs; without a stem; flesh thin and insubstantial (Kuo, 2009).
Saprobic on wet, rotted wood, or on damp soil nearby; growing gregariously or in clusters; spring through fall; widely distributed in North America. (Kuo, 2009).
Kuo, M. (2009, April). The eyelash cup: Scutellinia scutellata. Retrieved from the MushroomExpert.Com Web site: http://www.mushroomexpert.com/scutellinia_scutellata.html
Collector: Cara Tompot
Key Used: Arora, D. (1979). Mushrooms Demystified. Berkeley, CA: Ten Speed Press.
Keying Steps:
Key to the Major Groups of Fleshy Fungi
Ascomycetes p.55.
Fruiting body disc-shaped (flat) to cup-shaped, caselike, or earlike (with or without a stalk) or fruiting body with a stalk and clearly differentiated cap; cap when present cup-shaped to saddle-shaped, irregularly lobed, brainlike, thimble-like, or pitted. Morels, Elfin Saddles, and Cup Fungi, p. 783.
Key to Ascomycetes:
1b. Not as above- (above: fruiting body more or less round (spherical) to oval or knobby (potato-like), growing underground or inside very rotten wood); growing on wood or on ground, on insects, other mushrooms, plants, etc.
2a. Growing on wood (but wood sometimes buried).
3b. Fruiting body cuplike or variously shaped; texture is very different (fragile, fleshy, rubbery, gelatinous, etc.); asci typically borne in a palisade (hymenium), not in perithecia. Discomycetes, p. 783.
Key to Discomycetes:
1b. Fruiting body occasionally buried but usually above ground at maturity or on wood, moss, etc.; spore-bearing surface exposed (external) at maturity.
2a. Fruiting body cup- to ear-shaped, spoon-shaped, disclike (flat), cushion-like, top-shaped, or sometimes contorted; stalk absent or present only as a narrowed base )but fruiting body sometimes growing erect like a rabbit’s ear); asci operculate (i.e., with “lid” at tip.) Pezizales, p.783.
Key to the Pezizales:
1b. Not as above- (above: fruiting body an irregularly cabbage-like, contorted, brainlike, or pitted mass of tissue, with or without a stalk; flesh not gelatinous.)
3a. Fruiting body cup-shaped (concave) to disclike (flat), cushion-shaped, or sometimes top-shaped or splitting rays; stalk present or absent; flesh gelatinous, fragile, or tough.
4a. Stalk absent, or if present then often (but not always!) short or merely a narrowed, downward extension of the cup; stalk when present usually lacking distinct ribs; fruiting body fleshy, fragile, rubbery, or gelatinous, sometime brightly colored, large to minute; tips of asci amyloid or not amyloid. Pezizaceae and Allies, p. 817.
Key to Pezizaceae and Allies:
1b. Not as above- (above: fruiting body merely the bowl-or cup-shaped remains of a puffball, usually with traces of spore powder inside (or if not, then usually very dry and light as a straw.)
2b. Not with above features, but may have some of them- (above: fruiting body beginning as a hollow underground ball, then splitting at the top into several starlike rays; fertile (inner) surface sometimes grayish or whitish but more often pinkish or purplish or lilac; exterior without brown hairs.)
3b. Not as above- (above: fruiting body an erect hollow club or closed urn that splits lengthwise from the top to form several rays; found on or near dead hardwoods.)
4b. Fruiting body cuplike, earlike, disclike, etc. (but sometimes contorted, especially if growing in clusters.)
6b. Fruiting bodies sometimes slit down one side but not consistently so, and not usually growing erect; sometimes growing on dung.
7a. Fertile (upper or inner) surface of fruiting body brightly colored (red, orange, yellow, blue, or green but not violet.) Aleuria and Allies, p. 833.
Key to Aleuria and Allies:
1b. Not as above- (above: growing on dung or manure.)
3a. Exterior (underside) of cup or disc clothed with brown to black hairs; margin often fringed with dark hairs also.
4b. Not as above- (above: most or all of fruiting body immersed in the ground with only the top (mouth) showing, making it look like a hole in the ground.)
5a. Fertile (upper or inner) surface yellow, orange, or red.
6b. Not as above- (above: fruiting body small or minute, growing on burnt soil or charred wood); growing in soul, humus, or on wood but not usually in burned areas.
7b. Not as above- (above: fruiting body tough or corky and thick-fleshed; fertile surface orange to red or sometimes yellowish; exterior dark brown to black; found in eastern North America.
8b. Underside of fruiting body with fairly obvious hairs which fringe the margin like eyelashes; fertile surface bright red to orange-red or orange. Scutellinia scutellata, p. 839.
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| Figure 2. Close up of fertile surface of Scutellinia scutellata. |
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